Commodity inflation has stopped behaving like a temporary input to bond pricing and started behaving like a permanent one. With the latest U.S. consumer price print landing in line, the producer price print landing flat, and the U.S. Treasury curve moving on crude oil anyway, the market is no longer trading inflation data as its primary signal. What matters most is where on the curve that pressure sits, because the oil correlation runs strongest in the 10 year rather than the two year, the point that usually absorbs a central bank response. For anyone reading inflation releases to position a fixed income book, the release itself has become the weaker input.
Shriya Samarth is Executive Director and Head of Rates, EMEA at StoneX Financial Ltd, a London based G3 rates specialist who tracks U.S. and European sovereign debt, gilt market liquidity and yield curve positioning for institutional clients. Her coverage runs to how inflation expectations and energy shocks feed through to fixed income pricing, which is the exact channel at work when commodity inflation prices into the long end of a sovereign curve.
Key Themes
Decelerating gasoline prices and pickups in services leave U.S. July CPI headline inflation at 3.4%, matching expectations.
Oil prices take three to nine months to trickle into consumer price index prints.
The oil correlation runs strongest at the 10 year point of the U.S. Treasury curve, not the two year.
Oil Drives Treasury Yields While Inflation Prints Lose Their Grip
"Inflation is no longer the story in the markets or on the trading floor", Samarth says, and the U.S. Treasury market's behavior around the latest releases backs her up. U.S. July CPI met expectations at 3.4% headline and 2.5% core, with energy decelerating on gasoline prices, while U.S. July PPI came in flat month on month. Samarth notes it can take "3 to 9 months for oil prices to actually trickle down into CPI prints", so a release describes energy conditions from months earlier rather than the ones the market is absorbing now. As a result, fixed income participants are pricing the commodity itself rather than the statistic, and the inflation calendar has lost much of its power to move the curve.
Commodity Inflation Settles in the 10 Year and Bypasses the Policy Response
The strongest link between crude oil and the U.S. Treasury curve sits in the 10 year point, not the front end where a policy reaction would normally register. According to Samarth, "the correlation is strongest in the ten year point of the U.S. Treasury curve, which is interesting because usually you see this first play out in the two year point". In the usual sequence a supply shock generates inflation and central banks respond by hiking rates immediately, which registers in the two year segment, so a correlation that has migrated to the belly of the curve implies the market has stopped expecting policy to clear the problem. Samarth puts the conclusion plainly, that "the markets think that inflation in some way, shape or form is here to stay because of oil, and we're just going to have to learn how to trade that".
Make Market Insights Your Competitive Advantage
Access live prices, supply and demand data and actionable market commentary across commodities, securities, currencies and more. Sign up for StoneX Market Intelligence today and receive a 14-day trial.
--- Written by Gus Farrow, Senior Manager, StoneX Media
--- Expert: Shriya Samarth, Executive Director and Head of Rates, EMEA
Interest Rates
The subsidiaries of StoneX Group Inc. provide financial products and services, including, but not limited to, physical commodities, securities, clearing, global payments, risk management, asset management, foreign exchange, and exchange-traded and over-the-counter derivatives. These financial products and services are offered in accordance with the applicable laws in the jurisdictions in which they are provided and are subject to specific terms, conditions, and restrictions contained in the terms of business applicable to each such offering. Not all products and services are available in all countries. The products and services offered by the StoneX Group of companies involve risk of loss and may not be suitable for all investors. Full Disclaimer. This content is not intended for residents of any particular country, and the information herein is not advice nor a recommendation to trade nor does it constitute an offer or solicitation to buy or sell any financial product or service, by any person or entity in any jurisdiction or country where such distribution or use would be contrary to local law or regulation. Please refer to the Regulatory Disclosure section for entity-specific disclosures. No part of this material may be copied, photocopied or duplicated in any form by any means or redistributed without the prior written consent of StoneX Group Inc. The information herein is provided for informational purposes only. This information is provided on an ‘as-is’ basis and may contain statements and opinions of the StoneX Group of companies as well as excerpts and/or information from public sources and third parties and no warranty, whether express or implied, is given as to its completeness or accuracy. Each company within the StoneX Group of companies (on its own behalf and on behalf of its directors, employees and agents) disclaims any and all liability as well as any third-party claim that may arise from the accuracy and/or completeness of the information detailed herein, as well as the use of or reliance on this information by the recipient, any member of its group or any third party.
Our market expertise, advanced platforms, global reach, culture of full transparency and commitment to our clients’ success all set us apart in the financial marketplace.
Reach
With access to 40+ derivatives exchanges, 180+ foreign exchange markets, nearly every global securities marketplace and numerous bi-lateral liquidity venues, StoneX’s digital network and deep relationships can take clients anywhere they want to go.
Transparency
As a publicly traded company meeting the highest standards of regulatory compliance in the markets we serve, our financials and record of accomplishment are matters of public record. StoneX’s commitment to “doing the right thing over the easy thing” sets us apart in the industry and helps us build respect, client trust and new partnerships.
Expertise
From our proprietary Market Intelligence platform, to “boots on the ground” expertise from award-winning traders and professionals, we connect our clients directly to actionable insights they can use to make more informed decisions and achieve their goals in the global markets.