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Past Energy Price Episodes Left Core Inflation Momentum Running Higher

By: David Scutt, Market Analyst

Downstream energy pressure is now running about 51% above its prior two-year norm, and it has stayed more than 30% above that benchmark for six straight months. Episodes of that length are rare, and in the four completed cases with comparable persistence, core inflation momentum was higher in the months that followed. Gasoline sits roughly 40% above its prior 24-month average and diesel around 62% higher, while West Texas Intermediate crude is up only about 16%, so the pressure is concentrated downstream rather than in the barrel itself. The gap traces back to disruption from the war in the Middle East making it harder to get crude to refiners.

David Scutt is a StoneX Media Senior Market Analyst covering global macro markets, with more than a decade spent as a foreign exchange spot, forwards and money markets dealer inside bank treasury, managing interest rate and liquidity risk. He produces technical and fundamental analysis across foreign exchange, commodities and equity indices, the three markets where a fuel driven inflation impulse and a repricing of the Federal Reserve rate path show up first.

Key Themes

  • Diesel runs about 62% above its prior 24-month average while West Texas Intermediate crude is up around 16%.
  • Downstream energy pressure has held more than 30% above its prior two-year benchmark for six consecutive months.
  • Core inflation momentum was higher three months later in all four prior episodes of comparable persistence.

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Four Prior Energy Episodes Preceded Firmer Core Inflation Momentum

Only four completed episodes match the current stretch of downstream energy pressure, and the record across them leans one way. Isolating the energy side of the equation is a deliberate narrowing, because economic conditions, productivity, underlying growth and the policy backdrop differ from one period to another. Within that narrow lens, David Scutt sets out the pattern, "in three of the four completed episodes, where downstream energy pressure remained unusually elevated for this long, the average monthly pace of core CPI was higher over the following six months", and on a three-month annualized basis momentum was higher three months later in all four. For a trader sizing exposure to U.S. inflation prints, that is a small sample rather than a rule, evidenced by the handful of comparable periods available. It is still the closest thing to a base rate the energy channel offers.

Persistent Fuel Costs Push Price Increases Down the Supply Chain

Persistence, not severity, is what converts a fuel cost into a consumer price. Energy keeps the cogs of commerce moving, so freight, logistics and delivery costs absorb the first move, and corporate margins absorb the second. The transmission is gradual rather than mechanical, which is precisely why a six-month run above the benchmark carries more weight than a sharper move that fades in weeks. According to Scutt, "businesses can absorb higher fuel, freight and logistics costs for a while through margins, but the longer those pressures persist, the harder that becomes, increasing the likelihood that more of the increase gets passed further down the chain and ultimately reaches the consumer".

 

--- Written by Frédéric Guétin, StoneX Media Producer

--- Expert: David Scutt, StoneX Media Senior Market Analyst

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